Heat a medium pot over medium heat and add olive oil. Once shimmering, add the diced onion and sauté until translucent and fragrant, about 5 minutes.
Add the minced garlic, cumin seeds, ground coriander, and smoked paprika to the pot. Toast the spices for about 30 seconds until fragrant, stirring constantly to prevent burning.
Stir in the rinsed rice, cooking and stirring for 2-3 minutes until the grains turn a light golden color and smell nutty. This toasts the rice and enhances flavor.
Pour in the vegetable broth, then add the diced carrots, chopped bell peppers, and peas. Bring everything to a boil, then reduce the heat to low, cover tightly, and simmer for 15-20 minutes until the rice is tender and the liquid is absorbed.
Once cooked, remove the pot from heat and let it rest, covered, for 5 minutes. This helps the rice to finish steaming and become fluffy.
Fluff the pilaf gently with a fork, then squeeze fresh lemon juice over the top for brightness. Give it a gentle stir to distribute the citrus and spices evenly.
Serve the pilaf warm, garnished with additional herbs if desired. The grains should be fluffy, aromatic, and slightly smoky, with colorful vegetables evenly mixed throughout.